{"id":7856,"date":"2022-01-07T10:54:13","date_gmt":"2022-01-07T09:54:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/era.archi\/10-keys-to-a-positive-house\/"},"modified":"2023-02-15T16:42:14","modified_gmt":"2023-02-15T15:42:14","slug":"10-claus-de-la-casa-positiva","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/era.archi\/ca\/10-claus-de-la-casa-positiva\/","title":{"rendered":"10 claus de la Casa Positiva"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

10 claus de la Casa Positiva<\/p>\n

Com dissenyar una casa positiva?<\/p>\n

Qu\u00e8 cal tenir en compte a l’hora de dissenyar la teva casa positiva?<\/p>\n

Quins elements clau s\u00f3n b\u00e0sics per a una casa positiva?<\/p>\n

Si encara no ens coneixeu: som arquitectes d’ERA.
\nEn realitat s\u00f3c Esther Rovira, arquitecta i Passive House designer a Barcelona, Catalunya i Andorra de cases passives, cases eficients i cases positives.
\nEn aquest post \u201810 claus de la Casa Positiva\u2019<\/em>, trobar\u00e0s un resum de totes les dades que tenim en compte per simular la teva casa Positiva (o el que \u00e9s el mateix: una casa passiva PLUS).
\nEspero que t’ajudi. Som-hi!<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

1) Clima<\/strong>
\nEn primer lloc, el clima \u00e9s molt important.
\nNo \u00e9s el mateix construir a la costa d’Espanya que construir a les muntanyes d’Andorra.
\nLes dades clim\u00e0tiques que fem servir s\u00f3n valors oficials acceptats per l’Institut Alemany Passive House.
\nAqu\u00ed tamb\u00e9 s’especifiquen altres dades importants com la cota sobre el nivell del mar de casa teva.<\/p>\n

2) Superf\u00edcies<\/strong>
\nEs tenen en compte totes les superf\u00edcies de casa teva.
\nAix\u00f2 significa els metres quadrats d’espais interiors, fa\u00e7anes i finestres.
\nPer\u00f2 no nom\u00e9s els valors, tamb\u00e9 les orientacions, les ombres\u2026
\nPer donar-te una idea de com es fa aix\u00f2 de forma matem\u00e0tica, deixa’m explicar-te com ho fem.
\nQuan el disseny de casa teva est\u00e0 acabat (\u00e9s a dir que ja no accepta m\u00e9s canvis); constru\u00efm un model digital 3D simplificat de casa teva en Sketchup.
\nAquest model es geolocalitza utilitzant Google Earth.
\nEn segon lloc, fem servir un complement especial dins d’Sketchup (anomenat DesignPH) per calcular el model (cal tenir la versi\u00f3 oficial d’Sketchup, no serveixen versions pirates).
\nFinalment, el model en 3D s’exporta a un full d’excel que cont\u00e9 els metres quadrats de fa\u00e7anes, sostres, superf\u00edcies interiors, finestres, forjats i fins i tot ombres d’altres edificis del voltant.
\nDespr\u00e9s d’aix\u00f2, \u00e9s hora d’inserir el comportament t\u00e8rmic dels materials.<\/p>\n

3) Materials<\/strong>
\nEs calculen tots els valors t\u00e8rmics de tots els paraments que tanquen casa teva.
\nAix\u00f2 vol dir que cada composici\u00f3 diferent de paret, sostre i forjat est\u00e0 especialment dissenyada i tamb\u00e9 especialment calculada en termes de comportament t\u00e8rmic.
\nDeixa’m donar-te un exemple.
\nQuan ets fora durant l’estiu amb els peus descal\u00e7os i trepitjes una pe\u00e7a d’alumini del terra, el teu peu nota que l’alumini crema. En la mateixa situaci\u00f3, quan trepitges fusta, no et cremes el peu, per\u00f2 notes la calor en molta meys intensitat.
\nAix\u00f2 \u00e9s perqu\u00e8 l’alumini transporta molt l’energia calor\u00edfica al llarg de la seva mat\u00e8ria; mentre que la fusta ho fa en menor valor.
\nAquest valor t\u00e9 diferents noms: transmit\u00e0ncia t\u00e8rmica, conductivitat t\u00e8rmica o valor U (diguem-ne valor U). Les seves unitats es calculen a W\/mK.
\nPer\u00f2, per descomptat, la paret, el sostre i el forjat de casa teva no estan fets nom\u00e9s de fulles d’alumini o fusta.
\nEn canvi, t\u00e9 capes de diferents materials i gruixos. Et posso un exemple. Diguem que casa teva t\u00e9 una fa\u00e7ana feta de: 10 cm de fusta contralaminada (CLT), 10 cm d’a\u00efllament i 1 cm d’estucat final. Cal calcular el valor U de tots els elements per finalment obtenir el valor U de la fa\u00e7ana de casa teva.<\/p>\n

4) Gent<\/strong>
\nUna dada important \u00e9s tamb\u00e9 el nombre de persones que viuran a la casa.
\nD’aquesta manera, es t\u00e9 en compte el guany de calor que cada \u00e9sser hum\u00e0 produeix dins de casa.
\nImagina com \u00e9s de refinat aquest simulador de cases positives, que fins i tot pren la teva pr\u00f2pia producci\u00f3 de calor per calcular el teu confort!.
\nDiria que hi ha persones que produeixen m\u00e9s calor que d’altres. La meva parella, per exemple, \u00e9s un radiador ambulant! (molt \u00fatil a l’hivern).<\/p>\n

5) Sistema constructiu<\/strong>
\nCom probablement ja s\u00e0pigues, hi ha diferents sistemes constructius que pots triar per casa teva: entramat de fusta, CLT, maons cer\u00e0mics, formig\u00f3, maons de formig\u00f3 cel\u00b7lular (aviat publicarem un post sobre aquests diferents sistemes).
\nEls sistemes constructius s’organitzen en tres categories: lleuger, mixt o massiu.
\nAquestes categories tamb\u00e9 defineixen la capacitat de retenir la calor a l’interior durant l’estiu.
\nPer exemple, els sistemes de construcci\u00f3 lleugers dissipen millor la calor que la construcci\u00f3 massiva.
\nAix\u00ed sistemes d’entramat de fusta funcionen millor que maons cer\u00e0mics o formig\u00f3.<\/p>\n

6) Terreny<\/strong>
\nEl terra del teu solar i casa tamb\u00e9 t\u00e9 diferents capacitats t\u00e8rmiques.
\nDepenent del tipus de terreny, el terra podria ajudar a casa teva a dissipar la calor durant l’estiu.
\nAquestes dades les treiem de l’estudi geot\u00e8cnic (podeu consultar el nostre post Estudi geot\u00e8cnic, qu\u00e8 \u00e9s i preu<\/a><\/strong><\/em><\/span>).<\/p>\n

7) Ombres<\/strong>
\nLes ombres projectades a les finestres s\u00f3n molt importants.
\nD’una banda, tens les ombres permanents projectades per altres edificis o arbres al voltant. Per\u00f2 tamb\u00e9 aquells que formen part del disseny de casa teva com: p\u00e8rgoles, laterals i part superior dels marcs de les seves finestres (el teu arquitecte els anomenar\u00e0 brancal i llinda).
\nDe l’altra, les ombres temporals com persianes i tendals.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

8) Volum<\/strong>
\nLes cases positives i les cases passives han de renovar el seu aire de l’interior.
\nLlavors, la quantitat de volum d’aire que la casa necessita moure per brindar comoditat \u00e9s una dada molt important.<\/p>\n

9) Efici\u00e8ncia energ\u00e8tica de m\u00e0quines i electrodom\u00e8stics<\/strong>
\nLa major part duna casa positiva i casa passiva \u00e9s l’efici\u00e8ncia de les m\u00e0quines.
\nD’una banda, el simulador compta l’energia prim\u00e0ria consumida per la producci\u00f3 d’aigua calenta, la climatitzaci\u00f3 i el sistema de ventilaci\u00f3. Tamb\u00e9, el consum denergia prim\u00e0ria de tots els electrodom\u00e8stics.
\nD’altra banda, tamb\u00e9 explica com es produeix la climatitzaci\u00f3, la ventilaci\u00f3 i l’aigua calenta, i com aix\u00f2 afecta el confort durant tot l’any. Aix\u00f2 vol dir que si les m\u00e0quines o les canonades produeixen calor per subministrar aigua calenta, per exemple, aix\u00f2 tamb\u00e9 es t\u00e9 en compte en contra del teu comfort a l’estiu.<\/p>\n

10) Energia renovable<\/strong>
\nEncara que aix\u00f2 no \u00e9s obligatori per a Passive House Classic, \u00e9s imprescindible per obtenir una casa positiva (que \u00e9s el mateix que obtenir una certificaci\u00f3 de Passive House Plus).<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Conclusi\u00f3<\/strong>
\nQuin rotllo t’he fotut!
\nTot aix\u00f2 pot ser dur de pair.
\nDiguem-ne que la teva casa positiva \u00e9s una m\u00e0quina de confort molt sensible que funciona amb molt poca energia.
\nSimplificarem tots els tecnicismes en la nostra propera publicaci\u00f3 ‘6 imprescindibles per a casa teva positiva’<\/em>.
\nEn aquesta nova publicaci\u00f3, resumirem els 6 aspectes clau de disseny que ha de tenir casa positiva (sense tecnicismes).<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Confio que aquest post ‘Qu\u00e8 \u00e9s una casa positiva i preu’<\/em> et serveixi!<\/p>\n

Sort en l’aventura de casa teva positiva!
\nEns veiem a la proper post,<\/p>\n

\"architectBarcelona\"<\/p>\n

Esther Rovira Raurell<\/a>
\n<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n
Arquitecta col.legiada a Barcelona<\/a>\u00a0#44234-8<\/span><\/div>\n
Passive House Designer<\/a><\/span><\/div>\n
Afiliada a la\u00a0International Passive House Association<\/a><\/span><\/div>\n
Fundadora d\u2019ERA architects<\/a>\u00a0<\/span><\/div>\n
<\/div>\n

P.S. Vols rebre consells sostenibles GRATU\u00cfTS?\u00a0<\/span>S\u00ed, a consells GRATIS!<\/a><\/span>\u00a0<\/strong>o segueix-nos a\u00a0Instagram<\/a>,\u00a0Pinterest<\/a>,\u00a0Twitter<\/a>\u00a0y\u00a0Facebook<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

10 claus de la Casa Positiva Com dissenyar una casa […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":7646,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[599],"tags":[636,637,76,122,654,638,639,640,641,642,644],"class_list":["post-7856","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-arquitecte-casa-pasiva","tag-architect-barcelona-ca","tag-architect-passive-house-barcelona-ca","tag-arquitecte-barcelona","tag-casa-passiva","tag-casa-positiva","tag-clt-house-ca","tag-english-speaking-architect-barcelona-ca","tag-passive-house-en-ca","tag-passive-house-barcelona-ca","tag-positive-house-ca","tag-wood-house-ca"],"yoast_head":"\n10 claus de la Casa Positiva - ERA architects<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"A '10 claus de la Casa Positiva' t'explico en Catal\u00e0 els 10 elements que tenim en compte per calcular la teva casa positiva\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/era.archi\/ca\/10-claus-de-la-casa-positiva\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ca_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"10 claus de la Casa Positiva - 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